Institute of Zoology (IOZ), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), is a government-funded research institute in zoological sciences, and it has a long history of 80 years. The predecessor of IOZ was Fan Memorial Institute of Biology founded in 1928. Many distinguished scientists including thirteen CAS Academicians started their research career in IOZ. Some of them are the founders of various sub-disciplines of zoology in China, such as Professor Bing Zhi, one of the main founders of modern biology in China. Several sub-disciplines in zoological sciences in China were derived from IOZ, such as entomology, Animal ecology, and experimental embryology. IOZ also has a long history of service to the country with many significant contributions, such as anti-bacteriological warfare during Korean war, successful control of China’s chronic agricultural pest-locust, control and management of other pest insects and rodents, establishment of nature reserves in China, conservation of panda, crested ibis and other endangered animals, reproduction and contraception, and fish nuclear transfer.