Founded on March 1, 1950, CARS is the only comprehensive research institute with multi-disciplines and multi-specialties in China Railway industry. Grounded in the main field of railway modernization for the 60 years since its founding, it has tackled considerable important and critical technological problems and has made a great deal of experimental studies focusing on railway construction and transportation. CARS has played an important role as the main force in railway sciences and made great contributions to the technological progress of China Railways. CARS possessed the technological innovative ability and core competitiveness in railway transportation, and developed into an industrial group engaging in high and new technologies of rail transport with integration of scientific research, development, production and consultation. It has produced 5 academicians, 14 experts of state level, 42 experts of MOR level, 206 researchers enjoying the special allowance of state council, and 4 candidates of “Hundred, Thousand and Ten Thousand Talent Project for the New Century”. CARS has built the national railway test center, and has been equipped with over 40 laboratories of all specialties, and 6991 test equipment. Furthermore, it has applied and established in recent years 6 state-level innovation platforms, including National Research Center of System Engineering of Railway Intelligent Transport, State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-Speed Railway, National Engineering Laboratories for System Test of High-Speed Railway, Equipment Testing Line of Urban Rail Transit, State Key Laboratory for Traction and Control System of Locomotive and EMU, Service Platform for Technological Innovation of High-Speed Train. In 2011, CARS became an official member of UIC.