The National Transportation Safety Committee was established by Presidential Decree in 2012 (Perpres No.2 Tahun 2012), as a permanent independent institution responsible to the President of Republic of Indonesia. The NTSC is responsible for the investigation of safety deficiencies of aviation, maritime, railway and road transportation. Based on the results of accident investigations, the NTSC issues recommendations to prevent the recurrence of similar accidents. The NTSC conducts research and studies necessary to perform these duties, and to identify possible safety deficiencies (see Investigation Methodology).