The Every Breath Counts Coalition is the world’s first public-private partnership to support low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to reduce pneumonia deaths by 2030, including pneumonia deaths from COVID-19. The Coalition includes UN and multilateral health and development agencies, donor governments, companies, foundations, NGOs, and academic institutions united in their commitment to support LMICs with the highest burdens of pneumonia. The 48 members provide support to close critical gaps in pneumonia prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, including the vaccines, diagnostic tools, and treatments that are critical to reducing deaths from COVID-19. Pneumonia is the single biggest infectious killer of children and adults, claiming 2.5 million lives in 2019; including 672,000 children under five years, according to the Global Burden of Disease. COVID-19 could add an additional 1.9 million deaths in 2020. No other infectious disease causes anywhere near this burden of death. Pneumonia deaths are falling but much more slowly than other major infectious killers. And too slowly for many LMICs to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of ending preventable child deaths and ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing for all ages by 2030. Almost all pneumonia fatalities are preventable through vaccination and treatable with low-cost antibiotics and oxygen if required. Yet the death toll continues. It is children and elderly adults from the poorest households who are most at risk of pneumonia death. Children who are wasted, exposed to air pollution, born with low birth weight, and/or unvaccinated are particularly vulnerable. Innovations that could save hundreds of thousands of lives each year – from new vaccines to pulse oximetry and oxygen provision – are not reaching those in greatest need. By 2030, pneumonia will kill six million more children and many more adults unless the world takes decisive action now.