INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH ASSOCIATION is the world's oldest and largest consortium of scholars and students, researchers and community leaders, working through the initiatives of five associated regional organizations covering every continent and corner of the globe. With an adaptable secretariat based on the offices of the elected IPRA Secretary General, our work proceeds in conjunction with the Africa Peace Research and Education Association, the Latin American Peace Research Council, the Asia-Pacific Peace Research Association, the European Peace Research Association, and--in North American--the Peace and Justice Studies Association. IPRA is a long-standing United Nations non-governmental affiliate, with consultative status with the UN Economic and Social Counsel and fraternal relations with the UN Economic, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).