Research in space life sciences, physiology and medicine; ecological, extreme, sport, aviation and high-altitude physiology and medicine; gravitational physiology; biological, physical-chemical and hybrid life support systems; cell physiology; biotechnology, psychophysiology, engineering psychology and human engineering; radiobiology; magneto biology; exobiology; • Biomedical support of piloted space missions including ecological and radiation safety; • Studies in the fields of barometric pressure physiology and diving medicine; bodily effects of artificial breathing mixtures; hygiene and epidemiology of pressurized habitats; • Investigations into the functional capacity of the human organism and mechanisms of adaptation to a variety of environmental factors; physiology of the normal human; medical issues of dangerous occupations; • Promotion of space-derived knowledge and technology for the benefits of clinical medicine and economy; • Telemedicine. Unique experimental and test capabilities: • Ground-based test facility enabling studies of human subjects during long-term isolation and confinement in artificial environment; • Physiological testing center; • Test labs specializing in studying and simulation of the physiological and biological effects of microgravity and other spaceflight factors; • Centrifuges with 2 m and 9 m in diameter; • The deep-water diving facility used for simulating human descents to the depths of up to 250 meters.