Tüpraş has four refineries established in Kocaeli, İzmir, Kırıkkale and Batman with a total crude oil processing capacity of 28.1 million tons per year. Tüpraş is the largest industrial company in Turkey with the added value and revenue that it creates. As Europe’s 7th largest refining capacity, Tüpraş is one of the most complex refiners in the Mediterranean region with an average Nelson complexity index of 9.5. With the completion of the Residuum Upgrade Project (RUP), the İzmit Refinery now has the highest complexity of any refinery in the region. In 2017, Tüpraş operated at full capacity and broke a new production record with 28.9 million tons. White product yield was realized at 76.3% Thanks to effective sales strategies, sales volume reached 31.5 million tons with an annual increase of 1.2 million tons (+4%). In terms of composition, domestic sales were 25.7 million tons and exports were 5.8 million tons. 51% of Tüpraş shares belong to a special purpose vehicle (EYAŞ) which is 98% owned by Koç Group Companies. A further 49% of the shares are publicly traded on the İstanbul Stock Exchange, and through a GDR programme on the LSE.