Agriculture was industrialized over the course of the last century – this development will only accelerate during the 21st century. The aim is that a lesser number of farmers produces more on the same area of agricultural land. Agricultural production growth was bought with significant negative consequences for the environment, in terms of water consumption, loss of biodiversity and pollution. The structure of a sustainable and more productive agriculture of the future will be similar to today’s manufacturing industry and can therefore be based on its approach. Performance and productivity of the various types of cultivation can be further increased with the use of production technology. In this context, the performance of soil-based production (i.e. agriculture) can be optimized with sensor technology, mobile robotics and networking of components, while in off-ground production (vertical farming), production management and process automation can revolutionize the industrial production of agricultural goods.