The American Association of Medical Review Officers, Inc. (AAMRO), created in 1991, is a medical society dedicated to establishing national standards and certification of medical practitioners and other professionals in the field of drug and alcohol testing. AAMRO has established standard practices and procedures, as well as training programs and administration of certification examinations for Medical Review Officers. AAMRO is independent of existing medical membership groups and is designed to provide training and certification for physicians in different specialties. AAMRO certification helps ensure the public's receipt of quality services and the maintenance of ethical conduct by competent professionals involved in drug and alcohol testing. The standards and certification process AAMRO has developed have been encouraged and supported by federal agencies that are significantly involved in the procedural, policy, and administrative aspects of drug and alcohol testing.