The Tartu University Hospital (Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikum) founded in 1804 is a healthcare and medical teaching service in Tartu, Estonia. It is also a subsidiary of the University of Tartu (Tartu Ülikool). The Tartu University Hospital, also known as Tartu Hospital, located at 8 Puusepa Street, is a part of the Tartu University Clinic. The clinic had a pioneering role in the study of mental illnesses, as it was the world's first university clinic with a psychiatry department. The famous German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin worked there. The surgery of the clinic is connected with works of famous Russian surgeons Nikolay Pirogov (worked there in 1836–1840) and Nikolay Burdenko (worked there in 1906–1918).