The Renewing American Innovation (RAI) Project explores the factors that make for a highly competitive, innovation-based society today. Looking at the architecture of renewal both proposed and underway to restore and maintain the United States’ postwar status as the world’s foremost center of innovation and advancement in science and technology, RAI recognizes the growing challenges the United States faces from robust competition in this space—from China and elsewhere. Given the vast advances in telecommunications, quantum computing, and the medical sciences made globally in the last decade alone, the United States cannot afford to lag behind its rivals lest it finds itself ceding its long-standing primacy in science and technology to a growing power. RAI studies concrete policy actions the United States can take—modernizing outdated patent and intellectual property laws, boosting competitiveness through standards-setting, and even reforming the visa system—to seize upon its distinctively pioneering spirit to secure its dominance in science and technology once again and lead the world in the twenty-first century.